Astronomy and Space Sciences Research

Programs that conduct research which uses the principles of physics and mathematics to learn about the fundamental nature of the universe including the sun, moon, planets, stars and galaxies. Research data are used to calculate the composition of galaxies, quasars, stars and planets and to measure radio, infrared, gamma, and x-ray emissions from extraterrestrial sources. Included are observational research which studies the stars and galaxies using equipment such as radio, optical, and x-ray telescopes, spectrographs and satellite-mounted television cameras with computer-controlled image intensifiers; and theoretical research which develops theories based on observations. Astronomical research data may also be used to solve problems in navigation, space flight and satellite communications; and to develop the instrumentation and techniques that are used to observe and collect astronomical data.